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パワーハラスメントスメント〜定義と該当例〜

パワーハラスメントスメント

■定義

労働施策総合推進法第30条の2にいう、「職場において行われる優越的な関係を背景とした言動であつて、業務上必要かつ相当な範囲を超えたものによりその雇用する労働者の就業環境が害される」との要件を満たすものがパワーハラスメントに該当します。

この要件は、「①優越的な関係を背景とした言動」、「②業務上必要かつ相当な範囲を超えたもの」、及び、「③労働者の就業環境が害される」ものであることという3つの内容が含まれています。

■具体例

労働施策総合推進法第30条の2第3項では、「厚生労働大臣は、前二項の規定に基づき事業主が講ずべき措置等に関して、その適切かつ有効な実施を図るために必要な指針(以下この条において「指針」という。)を定めるものとする。」とされています。

この「指針」は、令和2年1月15日に厚生労働省より、「事業主が職場における優越的な関係を背景とした言動に起因する問題に関して雇用管理上講ずべき措置等についての指針」(厚生労働省告示第5号)が告示されています。

そして、「指針」では、以下の6類型がパワーハラスメントの典型例として挙げられています。

①身体的な攻撃

叩く、殴る、蹴るなどの暴行を加えたり、丸めたポスターで頭を叩いたりする等

②精神的な攻撃

同僚の目の前での叱責や、他の職員を宛先に含めたメールでの罵倒、必要以上の長時間にわたって繰り返し執拗に叱る等

③人間関係からの切り離し

1人だけ別室に席をうつす、強制的に自宅待機を命じる、送別会に出席させない等

④過大な要求

新人で仕事のやり方もわからないのに、他の人の仕事まで押しつける等

⑤過小な要求

運転手なのに営業所の草むしりだけを命じたり、事務職なのに倉庫業務だけを命じたりする等

⑥個の侵害

交際相手について執拗に聞いたり、配偶者に対する悪口を言ったりする等

 

 

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